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Gynaecologist

Is papaya safe during pregnancy? Gynaecologist shares the benefits and risks of eating this fruit
Lifestyle

Is papaya safe during pregnancy? Gynaecologist shares the benefits and risks of eating this fruit

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Pregnancy is a time of joy and excitement, but it also means paying close attention to what you eat for your own and the baby’s well-being. This fruit is rich in minerals, vitamins, and antioxidants. Still, there is always a debate about whether it is safe to eat papaya during pregnancy.

Papaya is believed to be heat-inducing and pregnant women are often told to avoid it. (Adobe Stock)

Papaya is a very healthy fruit. It contains a lot of folate, potassium, and fibre. It is also a good source of vitamin C, which helps keep your immune system strong and supports your baby’s growth during pregnancy. “Papaya can help with digestion, easing common problems such as constipation, bloating, and heartburn”, Dr Sonamm Tiwari, Consultant Gynaecologist and Obstetrician at Hiranandani Hospital Vashi, tells Health Shots.

While papaya has many benefits, it’s important to know its risks during pregnancy. Dr Tiwari warns: “The enzyme papain in papaya can cause uterine contractions, which may lead to miscarriage or preterm labour”. Unripe or semi-ripe papaya is even riskier, as it can cause the amniotic sac to rupture, resulting in a loss of amniotic fluid that can harm the feotus.

Dr Tiwari further says that “pregnant women should be cautious, especially in the later stages of pregnancy, when risks can increase. Expectant mothers should stay informed about these risks as they make dietary decisions.”

Is unripe papaya better than ripe papaya during pregnancy?

Eating papaya during pregnancy requires caution. Papaya contains phytoestrogens, natural compounds that can mimic estrogen in the body. Even ripe papayas may disrupt hormones and potentially cause problems such as low birth weight or developmental issues for the baby. Dr Tiwari advises, “It is important to be careful and eat papaya in moderation.”

Should you totally avoid papaya during pregnancy?

According to Dr Tiwari, the answer is “not necessarily”. If you still want to enjoy this tropical fruit, the expert shares some tips on how to do so safely:

  • Choose fully ripe papayas: Unripe papayas have much higher levels of papain compared to ripe ones, making ripe papayas a safer option for pregnant women.
  • Practice moderation: “If you decide to eat papaya, limit yourself to no more than 1 cup of fully ripe fruit per day,” the doctor says. Pay attention to your body; if you feel any discomfort, stop eating it right away.
  • Consult a healthcare professional: If you have any concerns about eating papaya during your pregnancy, it’s important to talk to your doctor for personalised advice. Every pregnancy is different.

What to do if you accidentally ate papaya during pregnancy?

Mistakes happen. If you accidentally ate papaya, stay calm. Eating a small amount usually won’t cause harm. “Watch for any unusual symptoms, such as allergic reactions, stomach problems, or uterine contractions”, shares the doctor. If you notice anything unusual or have concerns, contact your healthcare provider. They can support you through this.

(Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.)

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Vadodara gynaecologist shares early signs of male infertility that every man should know: ‘If your sexual interest has…’
Lifestyle

Vadodara gynaecologist shares early signs of male infertility that every man should know: ‘If your sexual interest has…’

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Fertility issues can affect both men and women, but male infertility often goes unnoticed until couples struggle to conceive. Subtle changes in health or bodily functions can signal a problem. Dr Vishal Thakur, gynaecologist and centre clinical director at Indira IVF located in Vadodara, Gujarat, shares in his October 31 Instagram post the key signs of male infertility that shouldn’t be ignored. (Also read: Faridabad pulmonologist shares how to reverse lung damage from air pollution and smoking: ‘Brisk walking or exercise…’ )

Dr Thakur recommends couples trying to conceive for over a year, or six months if the woman is over 35, to consult a specialist. (Freepik)

What causes male infertility?

If you and your partner have been trying to conceive without success, it’s important to understand that infertility isn’t just a woman’s issue. “In nearly one out of every three couples, male infertility is the underlying cause,” says Dr Vishal. Unfortunately, many men tend to ignore the signs, delaying diagnosis and treatment.

Many assume infertility is mostly linked to women, but Dr Thakur points out that men’s health plays an equally crucial role. “Age, lifestyle, and overall health matter more than people realise,” he explains. “Simple factors like stress, smoking, obesity, or poor diet can affect sperm quality.”

He also debunks a common myth, that men are “always fertile.” “That’s simply not true,” he says. “Men can face hormonal imbalances, infections, or structural issues that lower fertility. The good news is, many of these problems are treatable when diagnosed early.”

Warning signs you shouldn’t ignore

Dr Thakur lists some key symptoms that could indicate male infertility:

  • Low libido: “If your sexual interest has reduced for a long time, it might signal hormonal changes or underlying health issues,” he says.
  • Difficulty maintaining erection: “Erectile problems can point toward hormonal imbalance or poor blood flow,” Dr Thakur explains.
  • Pain, swelling, or lumps in testicles: These could be a sign of varicocele (enlarged veins in the scrotum) or infection, both of which can interfere with sperm production.

“Men often dismiss these symptoms out of embarrassment,” he adds. “But ignoring them can delay treatment and reduce your chances of conception.”

Dr Thakur advises couples to seek specialist help after one year of unsuccessful attempts to conceive. (Google Gemini)
Dr Thakur advises couples to seek specialist help after one year of unsuccessful attempts to conceive. (Google Gemini)

When to seek help

Dr Thakur advises that if a couple has been trying for over a year without success, or six months if the woman is over 35, both partners should consult a specialist. “Infertility isn’t a reflection of masculinity,” he says. “It’s a medical condition, and the sooner it’s addressed, the better the outcomes.”

By recognising early signs and seeking timely help, couples can improve their chances of conceiving and remove the stigma that still surrounds male infertility.

Note to readers: This report is based on user-generated content from social media. HT.com has not independently verified the claims and does not endorse them.

This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice.

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Gynaecologist debunks 4 myths about uterine fibroids that cause unnecessary alarm: ‘Most fibroids are not cancerous…’
Lifestyle

Gynaecologist debunks 4 myths about uterine fibroids that cause unnecessary alarm: ‘Most fibroids are not cancerous…’

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Uterine fibroids are among the most common gynaecological conditions, yet they remain clouded by myths and misconceptions. Many people mistakenly assume that fibroids are a form of cancer or always require surgery, which often leads to unnecessary anxiety. In reality, most fibroids are benign and manageable with proper medical guidance.

Uterine fibroids are hardly ever cancerous, according to Dr Neema Sharma.(Pexel)

Also Read | Gynaecologist explains how late-night work culture negatively impacts fertility: ‘For fertility, stress is as harmful…’

Addressing this widespread misinformation, Dr Neema Sharma, Director and Head of the Department of Minimal Access Gynae and Obstetrics at Fortis Hospital, Vasant Kunj, draws on her 33 years of experience to clarify the facts and debunk four prevalent myths about uterine fibroids. In an Instagram video posted on April 23, she highlights how uterine fibroids are often surrounded by misinformation and unnecessary fear. She goes on to break down four common myths and advises consulting a gynaecologist if an ultrasound detects a fibroid, rather than panicking or assuming the worst.

What are fibroids?

According to Mayo Clinic, uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths that commonly develop in the uterus, typically during a woman’s reproductive years. They rarely become cancerous and are not associated with an increased risk of other uterine cancers.

Myth 1: Fibroids are cancerous

Dr Sharma states, “Most fibroids are not cancerous.” She explains that they are growths that develop in the uterus, and in most cases, they do not lead to malignancy.

Myth 2: Every fibroid requires surgery

The gynaecologist states that again, this is a misconception. She says, “If the fibroid is not causing any problem – if not causing any symptoms – and it is small in size, we don’t have to do anything for it.”

Also Read | Can hormonal imbalances increase endometrial cancer risk? Gynaecologist explains the link between lifestyle and health

Myth 3: Medicines can shrink the fibroid

According to Dr Sharma, this is a myth. She states, “Medicines cannot shrink the fibroid. If they are causing symptoms, it has to be removed surgically.”

Myth 4: Every fibroid shows symptoms

Dr Sharma emphasises that every fibroid does not show symptoms. She further explains, “Most of the fibroids are asymptomatic, and they do not cause any symptoms.”

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. It is based on user-generated content from social media. HT.com has not independently verified the claims and does not endorse them.

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PCOS with regular periods? Gynaecologist says it's possible; shares 7 symptoms: Hair on stomach, dark patches on neck
Lifestyle

PCOS with regular periods? Gynaecologist says it’s possible; shares 7 symptoms: Hair on stomach, dark patches on neck

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is commonly associated with missed periods. Irregularity in the menstrual cycle is, in fact, regarded as one of the primary signs. But this is not always the case.

It’s not always true that PCOS happens only when you have irregular periods. (Shutterstock)

Dr Neha Abhijit Pawar, consultant, gynaecology at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, told HT Lifestyle it is possible for PCOS to be present even when periods are regular. She explained that PCOS is much more complex, and sometimes it may not reflect in the cycle.

ALSO READ: Can thin women get PCOD? Gynaecologist shares symptoms of lean PCOD: Dark skin patches, oily skin

Dr Pawar said, “PCOS is a complex hormonal and metabolic disorder in which the ovaries produce higher-than-normal levels of androgens (male hormones) and the body may show resistance to insulin. These internal imbalances can exist even if the menstrual cycle appears to be normal.”

How can you have PCOS despite regular periods?

Even if your periods are regular, it does not mean the reproductive system is fully healthy. Revealing how ovulation may be compromised, she explained, “Ovulation occurs, but the egg quality may be poor, or ovulation may be inconsistent. This means that while bleeding happens at expected intervals, the underlying hormonal dysfunction that defines PCOS is still present.”

So it is very important not to rule out PCOS just because your periods are regular, since, as per the gyneacologist, “regular periods do not necessarily guarantee normal ovulation.”

Beyond the hidden ovulation issues, there’s also another reason why periods can appear normal in PCOS. The gynaecologist explained, “While excess androgens disrupt follicle development, estrogen and progesterone may still maintain a bleeding cycle. This ‘masking effect’ can mislead women into believing everything is normal, while the ovaries continue to show polycystic changes and the body continues to face risks like insulin resistance, weight gain, or difficulty conceiving.”

Signs of PCOS other than irregular menstrual cycle

Hormonal acnes happen in adulthood too.(Shutterstock)
Hormonal acnes happen in adulthood too.(Shutterstock)

Other than menstrual irregularity, here are the symptoms Dr Pawar shared:

  1. Excess hair growth (hirsutism) on the face, chest, or stomach.
  2. Persistent acne or oily skin that does not improve with usual treatments.
  3. Thinning hair or male-pattern baldness on the scalp.
  4. Unexplained weight gain, particularly around the waist and abdomen.
  5. Darkened patches of skin (acanthosis nigricans), often around the neck, groin, or underarms.
  6. Difficulty getting pregnant, even when cycles are regular.
  7. Polycystic ovaries on ultrasound, with multiple small follicles seen in the ovaries.

Should you visit a doctor?

With periods appearing normal, the question arises whether one should visit a doctor. Dr Pawar advised that PCOS should not be ignored, as untreated PCOS can worsen health. She said, “If you notice any of these symptoms, it is wise not to ignore them just because your menstrual cycles seem fine. PCOS, if left undiagnosed, can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes, infertility, cardiovascular disease, and endometrial problems over time.”

She suggested that a gynaecologist or endocrinologist may guide with blood tests to check hormone levels, assess insulin sensitivity, and conduct an ultrasound if needed.

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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Gynaecologist explains what your period reveals about fertility and reproductive health: ‘Irregular cycles can be…'
Lifestyle

Gynaecologist explains what your period reveals about fertility and reproductive health: ‘Irregular cycles can be…’

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Published on: Sept 18, 2025 08:13 pm IST

Your period can reveal more than you think. A gynaecologist explains how cycle patterns, flow changes, and pain may signal key aspects of fertility and health.

Your menstrual cycle is more than just a monthly occurrence, it can offer valuable insights into your overall fertility and health. In an interview with HT Lifestyle Dr. Irfana Shahul Hameed, obstetrician and gynaecologist at Plush, shares how paying attention to key aspects of your period can help you understand your reproductive health better. (Also read: Gynaecologist explains how maternal cardiac health is crucial during pregnancy; shares 4 tips to maintain heart health )

Understanding menstrual flow and cycle regularity is key to fertility health. (Adobe Stock)

1. Irregular cycles

One of the most important indicators is cycle regularity. Irregular cycles often suggest an absence of ovulation, although they don’t always mean ovulation is completely absent. Ovulation is the process by which an egg is released, ready to unite with sperm to form an embryo. Without ovulation, conception is not possible. Moreover, irregular cycles make it difficult to track ovulation, complicating efforts to conceive. While some women with irregular periods may still ovulate occasionally, consistent irregularity can be a red flag requiring medical attention.

Menstrual flow changes can indicate fertility health issues.(Shutterstock)
Menstrual flow changes can indicate fertility health issues.(Shutterstock)

2. Flow changes

The quantity of menstrual flow is another important aspect. Some women experience reduced flow, which doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem unless they are trying to conceive. Dr Irfana explains that lighter periods may be linked to hormonal disorders such as hyperthyroidism or prolactin imbalance. It can also signal the onset of perimenopause, a transitional phase where menstrual flow may decrease or, in some cases, increase unpredictably.

3. Excessive pain (Dysmenorrhea)

Severe period pain or excessive menstrual cramps could point toward endometriosis, a condition that is becoming increasingly common. Endometriosis is characterised by the presence of cysts in the ovaries, which can cause significant pain and inflammation. These cysts, known as endometriotic cysts, may interfere with fertility by causing inflammation in the fallopian tubes and affecting the environment where egg and sperm meet.

Understanding these signs, irregular cycles, flow changes, and excessive pain can provide important clues about your fertility health. Early consultation with a gynaecologist can help identify underlying conditions and guide you toward an effective treatment option.

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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Can young girls get PCOS before first period? Gynaecologist shares 4 early signs parents should watch for
Lifestyle

Can young girls get PCOS before first period? Gynaecologist shares 4 early signs parents should watch for

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), which is a hormonal disorder, shows up in women of menstruating age. But can the signs occur even before a girl gets her first period? To confirm this, HT Lifestyle reached out to an expert.

Some risk factors make little girls more vulnerable to PCOS, even before their periods. (PC: Freepik)

ALSO READ: Nutritionist shares 4 tips on how women with PCOS can enjoy coffee without worsening symptoms

Consultant gynaecologist Dr Deepali Lodh, obstetrician and infertility expert at AIMS Hospital in Dombivli, shared that indeed, there’s a possibility of some early warning signs of PCOS that can appear even before their first period.

She said, “Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal condition that usually becomes more obvious after a girl starts menstruating. However, according to various studies as well, early signs may appear before the first period, often in late childhood or early puberty.”

Early signs of PCOS

PCOS is one of the most common hormonal disorders among young girls, but it can be managed with the help of a good lifestyle, like a proper diet and regular exercise, along with medical intervention. And the first step towards management begins by detecting the signs, and sometimes even before periods begin to occur, which indicates they are at high risk.

Dr Lodh shared these four signs parents need to watch out for in their daughters who are yet to begin their periods:

  1. Early puberty changes: Some girls will exhibit signs of puberty earlier than expected, such as breast development or pubic hair growth. These signs shouldn’t be ignored at all.
  2. Weight gain and obesity: Rapid weight gain, especially around the abdomen, can be a risk factor for future PCOS in girls. Don’t just attribute this weight gain to poor eating habits and the absence of exercise. It will need timely evaluation.
  3. Skin issues: Suffering from acne, oily skin, or dark patches on the neck and underarms (acanthosis nigricans) are some of the signs that a girl may have insulin resistance. This can further point out PCOS. So, stay vigilant!
  4. Excess hair growth: Unusual hair growth on the face, chest, or back (hirsutism) before menstruation can be caused by a hormonal imbalance that can be linked to PCOS.

Further, she mentioned the importance of parental intervention, as these are signs that, according to the gynaecologist, ‘cannot be ignored’, and prompt medical attention needs to be sought.

Genetic risk factor?

In addition to the visible signs, the young girl in childhood or early puberty, there’s also a genetic component to consider. Dr Lodh said, “A mother or sister with PCOS increases the chances of the child developing it later.” So if the mother or elder menstruating sibling has PCOS, they need to be more cautious, as the child is genetically predisposed to develop PCOS. This means regular monitoring of their hormonal health to reduce future risks.

To avoid these problems from escalating, Dr. Lodh recommended that young girls showing early PCOS signs focus on a healthy lifestyle, follow a nutritious diet, exercise regularly, maintain weight within a normal range, and manage stress with the help of yoga. If parents spot these signs, the gynaecologist reiterated that they should visit a doctor for tests, as, according to her, it is better to pay attention right from the beginning to prevent problems in the future.

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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Gynaecologist lists 3 red flags of PCOS in teens; shares tips to manage naturally
Lifestyle

Gynaecologist lists 3 red flags of PCOS in teens; shares tips to manage naturally

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is increasingly affecting girls as young as 13 or 14, but its early signs often resemble normal puberty changes, leading to delayed diagnosis. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Yashica Gudesar, director and unit head, obstetrician and gynaecology, Max Super Speciality Hospital, Dwarka said, “Early detection and timely management can prevent long-term health consequences and help young girls lead healthy, balanced lives.” Also read | Gynaecologist shares 7 lesser-known symptoms of PCOS: Fertility problems to hair thinning

Early signs of PCOS often mimic the symptoms of puberty.(Pixabay)

Dr. Yashica Gudesar further listed the early warning signs of PCOS in young girls that parents should be aware of:

1. Watch for irregular periods

One of the first warning signs of PCOS in teens is irregular or missed periods. While some fluctuation is normal during the first couple of years after menarche, consistently skipped cycles, very heavy bleeding, or fewer than eight periods a year may signal hormonal and inflammatory imbalances that require medical attention.

2. Notice physical changes

High levels of male hormones (androgens) in PCOS frequently lead to overt physical signs like excess face or body hair, severe acne (especially along the jawline), oily skin, dandruff, and dark patches of skin on the neck or underarms. Sudden weight gain, particularly excess belly fat, without an apparent cause is another frequent sign. Also read | Doctor reveals 6 PCOS supplements that actually work and how they benefit hormonal health: Cinnamon, omega 3 and more

3. Emotional and mental health matters

PCOS doesn’t just affect the body, it can impact emotional well-being too. Symptoms might include mood swings, fatigue, anxiety, and poor sleep. Since many PCOS symptoms mimic normal teen stress, they might be downplayed and go unnoticed, unless parents and caregivers are observant.

An estimated 70% of women with PCOS remain undiagnosed, worldwide(Shutterstock)
An estimated 70% of women with PCOS remain undiagnosed, worldwide(Shutterstock)

Why early diagnosis is important?

“Identifying PCOS early allows for better management and helps avoid complications down the road. Importantly, PCOS is treated according to symptoms, not every girl needs medication. Proper evaluation with a gynaecologist or endocrinologist, along with blood tests and ultrasounds (if required), ensures that treatment or lifestyle guidance is tailored to individual needs,” said the doctor.

Tips to manage PCOS naturally:

He gynaecologist said, “Making lifestyle modifications is critical for teenagers with PCOS. Eating a balanced diet, engaging in regular exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and tracking menstrual cycles can all help reduce inflammation, balance hormones, and improve overall health. Establishing these habits early builds a strong foundation for the future.” Also read | Gynaecologist lists 5 PCOS symptoms in teens that parents often overlook: Rapid weight gain, severe acne

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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Gynaecologist shares 8 facts about osteoporosis in women; know causes and prevention steps
Lifestyle

Gynaecologist shares 8 facts about osteoporosis in women; know causes and prevention steps

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Due to loss of estrogen after menopause, women are physically at more risk of osteoporosis. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Ashwin Shetty, consultant, obstetrics and gynaecology, Sir H.N. Reliance Foundation Hospital shared a few facts about osteoporosis in women, and what causes it. Also read | Orthopaedic surgeon warns 1 in 3 women face osteoporosis fracture risk, shares 10 prevention habits: ‘Jump 30 times’

What causes osteoporosis in women?(Freepik)

What is osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones decrease in overall mass. With the loss of mass, bones become brittle or fragile and will fracture more easily.

Osteoporosis affects both genders but women more

While individuals of all genders can develop osteoporosis, women are more at risk for significant osteoporosis after they have become post-menopausal, resulting from hormonal changes.

Here’s what you need to know about osteoporosis in women:

1. Estrogen is important for bone health

During menopause, there is a rapid decline in the amount of estrogen produced by the body. Estrogen helps to maintain normal bone density. It does this by regulating the function of the cells that resorb bone. After menopause, estrogen levels decrease, which means that bone resorption is greater than bone formation. This can lead to loss of mass very rapidly.

2. Bone loss may be severe after menopause

Women experience the loss of up to 20% of bone mass after the first 5-7 years of menopause before recovery begins. This allowed increased risk of fracture.

3. Areas of fracture risk

Post-menopausal women are at greater risk of spinal, hip, and wrist fractures as a result of bone loss. Also read | Osteoporosis: Foods for women over 30 to prevent weakening of bones

Start taking care of your bone and joint health as early as possible.(Freepik)
Start taking care of your bone and joint health as early as possible.(Freepik)

4. Risk factors other than hormones

Additional risk factors include family history, low body weight, sedentary lifestyles, low calcium and vitamin D intake, smoking, and excessive alcohol consumption.

5. Osteoporosis is a silent disease

Osteoporosis is often not recognised until a fracture occurs; hence it is referred to as a silent disease.

6. Screening is important

Finding out that you have osteoporosis early is important. The best way to screen for osteoporosis is with a Bone Mineral Density test (DEXA scan). Women should be screened no later than age 50, or younger if they have risk factors.

7. Preventative steps can make a difference

Dietary intake of calcium and vitamin D, regular weight-bearing exercise, such as walking or strength training, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake will all help to decrease risks.

8. There are medications available for some higher risk individuals

Some individuals will be prescribed medications to treat osteoporosis, either to decrease the rate of bone loss or increase the rate of new bone formation. Also read | Osteoporosis: Here’s what teens, young adults, pregnant or breastfeeding women should do

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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Gynaecologist shares 10 red flags of hormonal imbalance to watch out for: Weight gain, mood swings, hair loss and more
Lifestyle

Gynaecologist shares 10 red flags of hormonal imbalance to watch out for: Weight gain, mood swings, hair loss and more

by jummy84
written by jummy84

Hormones are chemical messengers responsible for proper functioning of the body. From menstrual cycle to metabolism to mood regulation, hormones play a significant role in each of these processes. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr Aruna Kalra, director, obstetrics and gynecology, CK Birla Hospital, Gurugram said, “When hormone levels get too high or too low, changes in your health become obvious. Identifying these early on can lead you to get timely medical attention and avoid complications.” Also read | Doctor shares 7 facts about hormonal imbalance: ‘Eating less and moving more won’t fix you’

Hormonal imbalance can lead to unexplained weight gain.(Shutterstock)

Dr Aruna Kalra further shared 10 signs of hormonal imbalance that we should know:

1. Irregular or skipped periods

Abnormal changes in your menstrual pattern, like heavier or lighter than usual bleeding, skipped periods, or erratic timing, can indicate conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), thyroid disease, or perimenopause.

2. Unexplained weight changes

Weight gain or loss that occurs without shifts in your diet or exercise habits can signal imbalances in hormones like insulin, cortisol, or thyroid hormone.

3. Persistent fatigue

Chronic exhaustion in spite of proper rest may be associated with hypothyroidism, adrenal fatigue, or hormonal shifts in reproductive hormones such as estrogen and progesterone.

4. Mood changes and anxiety

Sudden irritability, mood swings, or heightened anxiety can be seen when levels of estrogen and progesterone change, particularly at PMS, perimenopause, or postpartum.

5. Skin problems

Adult acne, excess oiliness, or dryness can be caused by elevated androgen levels or decreased estrogen, both of which can influence oil production and skin health. Also read | Nutritionist reveals 6 daily habits that impact your hormonal health, affect PCOD symptoms

Hormonal acnes happen in adulthood too.(Shutterstock)
Hormonal acnes happen in adulthood too.(Shutterstock)

6. Hair loss or excess hair growth

Scalp hair loss or excessive facial and body hair can be a sign of hormonal conditions such as PCOS or thyroid disorders.

7. Hot flashes and night sweats

Sudden spells of heat or sweating, especially at night, are commonly associated with low estrogen levels during perimenopause and menopause.

8. Sleep disturbances

Sleeping or falling asleep might become a challenge when progesterone or estrogen levels decrease.

9. Decreased sex drive

Loss of sex drive may result from low levels of estrogen, testosterone, or thyroid hormones.

10. Digestive problems

Bloating, constipation, or diarrhea occurring in sync with your menstrual cycle can also be caused by hormone changes. Also read | Hormonal imbalance and mental health: Doctor shares 5 ways how hormones can affect your mood

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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Rising PCOS in teens: Gynaecologist shares 5 causes behind this disturbing trend
Lifestyle

Rising PCOS in teens: Gynaecologist shares 5 causes behind this disturbing trend

by jummy84
written by jummy84

PCOS or Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is a common hormonal disorder that leads to menstrual irregularity, acne, weight gain and mood swings. However, PCOS in adolescents has seen a disturbing steep increase. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Kavitha G Pujar, consultant – obstetrician, gynecologist and infertility specialist, Motherhood Hospitals, HRBR Layout, Bangalore shared a few causes: Also read | Nutritionist shares 7 tips to manage PCOS in just 4 weeks: ‘Try seed cycling’

PCOS in adolescents has seen a disturbing steep increase.(Shutterstock)

1. Physical inactivity and lack of movement

Teens spend long times being still as they are preoccupied with desks, phones, and screens. The absence of physical activity often results in long stretches of inactivity or sedentary behavior. This results in insulin resistance and disruption of hormonal secretion. Even a daily 30 minute brisk walk, or dance, physical activity helps to exercise and rest periods in favorable proportions can make a positive change to the hormone and menstruation cycles.

2. Diets dominated by processed foods and sugars

Foods like canned juice and bags of chips, and in fact, any diet dominated by sugars or refined carbohydrates can trigger an insulin spike. Diabetes and other hormonal disorders like insulin resistance might develop as consequences of the hormonal imbalance. Also read | Nutritionist reveals 6 daily habits that impact your hormonal health, affect PCOD symptoms

Junk food can trigger PCOS.(Freepik)
Junk food can trigger PCOS.(Freepik)

3. Early exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals

Disruption of the endocrine system are chemicals are more widely dispersed today than in the past. Cosmetics, some foods, and packaging done in plastic containers are the main forms of exposure to hormonal endocrine disruptors. This can alter the natural hormonal balance within an organism after extended periods of contact. Simply switching to non-plastic containers for food, using processed skincare, anti-aging creams, active exposure to sunlight, and preferably, organic food can greatly enhance. Such changes can be positive for hormonal balance.

4. Increasing academic stress and irregular sleep patterns

At times, studying for late at night, the exam stress, and device usage usually result in interrupted sleep. Lack of sleep and constant anxiety changes the balance of cortisol and insulin, hence the increased risk of PCOS. Getting 7–8 hours of uninterrupted sleep accompanied with yoga or journaling can be useful.

5. Family history and genetic disposition

Although we can’t totally dismiss lifestyle, genetics is also important to consider here. Teenage girls with mothers and sisters who suffer from PCOS are very likely to develop the syndrome too. It can be very beneficial to get regular check-ups and maintain a healthy lifestyle in order to lessen both the chances of and severity in the case of PCOS. Also read | Gynaecologist reveals 5 foods that women with PCOS should avoid this monsoon to manage symptoms better

Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.

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